← Class ReferenceReferência de Classes
Heat exchanger image/svg+xml Heat exchanger 30-07-2012 Jozef Sivek Recuperator recuperator heat exchanger Principle Profile Countercurrent Heatexchanger Efficiency 50 – 70 % 70 – 80 % 85 – 99 % Verticalflat panel Horizontalflat panel Cellular
exported necessary COPI_0000074
Shell And Tube Heat Exchanger
IRI: https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000074
Generated onGerado em 2026-04-16
Natural Language DefinitionDefinição em Linguagem Natural
EN
A shell and tube heat exchanger is a heat exchanger that has a tube bundle spatially contained within a surrounding shell.
PT-BR
Um trocador de calor de casco e tubos é um trocador de calor que possui um feixe de tubos contido espacialmente dentro de um casco envolvente.
Formal AxiomsAxiomas Formais
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)Semi-formal (Aristotélico)
Every shell and tube heat exchanger is a heat exchanger that has a tube bundle as component part and has a shell as component part, where the tube bundle is spatially contained within the shell.
First-Order Logic TheoryTeoria em Lógica de Primeira Ordem
[Necessary condition]∀x (ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger(x) → HeatExchanger(x) ∧ ∃f (HeatTransferFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))) — Steps 1–3: genus + identity-giving function [Function axiom: HeatTransferFunction]∀f (HeatTransferFunction(f) → ∀p (realizedIn(f,p) → HeatTransferProcess(p)) ∧ ∃p (HeatTransferProcess(p) ∧ realizedIn(f,p))) — Step 1: ∀ preserves type-type identity; ∃ rules out vacuous functions never realised [Structural differentia (necessary only)]∀x (ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger(x) → ∃hasComponentPartAtAllTimes.TubeBundle ⊓ ∃hasComponentPartAtAllTimes.Shell ⊓ ∃spatiallyContains.(TubeBundle ⊓ ∃spatiallyContainedIn.Shell)) — Step 3: structural property — necessary condition, not sufficient (OWA prevents ≡) [Necessary part: Shell]∀x (ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger(x) → ∃p (Shell(p) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,p))) — Step 4: mereological commitment — every instance must have this part [Necessary part: TubeBundle]∀x (ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger(x) → ∃p (TubeBundle(p) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,p))) — Step 4: mereological commitment — every instance must have this part [Process participation signature]∀x ∀f ((ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger(x) ∧ HeatTransferFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) → ∃m (FluidPortion(m) ∧ participatesIn(m,f)) ∧ ∃e (FluidPortion(e) ∧ participatesIn(e,f)) ∧ processType(f,ThermalEnergyTransfer)) — Step 5: typed participants in the realising process
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0-104-g4d16eff" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-07-13"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :HeatTransferFunction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :HeatTransferProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :HeatTransferProcess ] ; rdfs:label "heat transfer function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de transferência de calor"@pt-br . ### Process type :HeatTransferProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ; rdfs:label "heat transfer process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de transferência de calor"@pt-br . :HeatTransferProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] . ### Equipment universal: ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger :ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :HeatExchanger ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :HeatTransferFunction ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasComponentPartAtAllTimes ; owl:someValuesFrom :Shell ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasComponentPartAtAllTimes ; owl:someValuesFrom :TubeBundle ] ; rdfs:label "shell and tube heat exchanger"@en ; rdfs:label "trocador de calor de casco e tubos"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A shell and tube heat exchanger is a heat exchanger that has a tube bundle spatially contained within a surrounding shell."@en ; skos:definition "A shell and tube heat exchanger is a heat exchanger that has a tube bundle spatially contained within a surrounding shell."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um trocador de calor de casco e tubos é um trocador de calor que possui um feixe de tubos contido espacialmente dentro de um casco envolvente."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every shell and tube heat exchanger is a heat exchanger that has a tube bundle as component part and has a shell as component part, where the tube bundle is spatially contained within the shell."@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger(x) → HeatExchanger(x) ∧ ∃tb(TubeBundle(tb) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,tb)) ∧ ∃s(Shell(s) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,s) ∧ spatiallyContains(s,tb))"@en ; iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ; iof-av:primitiveRationale "Using necessary conditions for this constructive type to avoid false positives under OWA. Any equipment with a shell and tube bundle could theoretically be classified as a standard shell-and-tube heat exchanger, but specialized variants (like graphite shell-and-tube or custom multi-stream designs) should not be automatically forced into this maintenance category without domain expert validation."@en ; :Shell rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:MaterialArtifact ; rdfs:label "casco"@pt-br ; rdfs:label "shell"@en . :TubeBundle rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:Assembly ; rdfs:label "feixe de tubo"@pt-br ; rdfs:label "tube bundle"@en . # Disjointness: ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger and PlateHeatExchanger [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger :PlateHeatExchanger ) .
Axiomatization Decision LogRegistro de Decisões
1 Identity-Giving FunctionFunção Identitária
Function class
HeatTransferFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
HeatTransferProcess ⊑ PlannedProcess
The identity-giving function is heat transfer between fluid streams, which is shared with all heat exchangers. This is the fundamental purpose that makes any device a heat exchanger, regardless of its internal construction.
2 Genus DeterminationDeterminação do Gênero
heat exchangerbfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
The genus is 'heat exchanger' as explicitly stated in all source definitions ('A tubular heat exchanger...'). This is the most specific appropriate superclass and is already enriched in our ontology. Heat exchanger is itself an Assembly with HeatTransferFunction. The parent candidates support this with 'TUBULAR HEAT EXCHANGER' being a subtype of heat exchanger.
3 Differentia SpecificaDiferença Específica
∃hasComponentPartAtAllTimes.TubeBundle ⊓ ∃hasComponentPartAtAllTimes.Shell ⊓ ∃spatiallyContains.(TubeBundle ⊓ ∃spatiallyContainedIn.Shell)

Has a tube bundle that is spatially contained within a surrounding shell.

The differentia captures the essential constructive feature that distinguishes shell and tube heat exchangers from other heat exchanger types: the specific geometric arrangement where a bundle of tubes is enclosed within a shell. This configuration enables the characteristic two-sided heat exchange (tube side vs shell side) mentioned in the standard properties.
4 Necessary PartsPartes Necessárias
Part classParentRelation
ShellMaterialArtifacthasComponentPartAtAllTimes
TubeBundleAssemblyhasComponentPartAtAllTimes
These parts directly correspond to the definitional elements in all standards: 'tube bundle' and 'shell' are explicitly mentioned as the defining structural components.
Process Participation SignatureAssinatura de Participação em Processo
InputsEntradas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 2, 'constraints': 'one on tube side, one on shell side, different temperatures'}
OutputsSaídas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 2, 'constraints': 'tube side and shell side fluids with modified temperatures'}
TransformationTransformação
thermal energy exchange between two fluid streams without mixing
Shell and tube heat exchangers have a characteristic two-stream signature: one fluid flows through tubes, another through the shell space around tubes, enabling heat exchange without direct contact. This matches the standard properties that specify separate tube side and shell side operating conditions.
Disjoint WithDisjunto com
PlateHeatExchanger
C?: PlateHeatExchanger [kind_ambiguous]. Different constructive configurations are mutually exclusive - an equipment cannot simultaneously have a shell-and-tube geometry and a plate stack geometry or spiral wound geometry.
MetadataMetadados
COPI IDCOPI IDCOPI_0000074
IRIIRIhttps://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000074
StatusStatusexported
Axiom modeModonecessary
CreatedCriado2026-04-16
UpdatedAtualizado2026-06-28
LLM modelModelo LLMclaude-sonnet-4-20250514
VersionVersão2026-07-13
Heat exchanger image/svg+xml Heat exchanger 30-07-2012 Jozef Sivek Recuperator recuperator heat exchanger Principle Profile Countercurrent Heatexchanger Efficiency 50 – 70 % 70 – 80 % 85 – 99 % Verticalflat panel Horizontalflat panel Cellular
ISA 5.1-2022 — wikimedia/heat_exchanger.svg
Quick factsDados rápidos
GenusGêneroheat exchanger
Root classClasse raizAssembly
Axiom modeModonecessary
FunctionFunçãoHeatTransferFunction
ProcessProcessoHeatTransferProcess
PartsPartes2
Source DefinitionsDefinições nas Fontes 3 sources
ISO 15926-4 SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
CFIHOS shell and tube heat exchanger
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
POSC Caesar Shell And Tube Heat Exchanger
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.