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exported necessary COPI_0000077
Valve
IRI: https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000077
Generated onGerado em 2026-04-08
Natural Language DefinitionDefinição em Linguagem Natural
EN
A valve is an assembly that bears a flow control function to permit, obstruct, regulate, or divert fluid streams.
PT-BR
Uma válvula é um conjunto que possui uma função de controle de fluxo para permitir, obstruir, regular ou desviar correntes de fluido.
Formal AxiomsAxiomas Formais
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)Semi-formal (Aristotélico)
Every valve is a material artifact that has the function to control fluid flow by permitting, obstructing, regulating, or diverting fluid streams.
First-Order Logic TheoryTeoria em Lógica de Primeira Ordem
[Necessary condition]∀x (Valve(x) → MaterialArtifact(x) ∧ ∃f (FlowControlFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))) — Steps 1–3: genus + identity-giving function [Function axiom: FlowControlFunction]∀f (FlowControlFunction(f) → ∀p (realizedIn(f,p) → FlowControlProcess(p)) ∧ ∃p (FlowControlProcess(p) ∧ realizedIn(f,p))) — Step 1: ∀ preserves type-type identity; ∃ rules out vacuous functions never realised [Structural differentia (necessary only)]∀x (Valve(x) → ∃bearerOf.FlowControlFunction) — Step 3: structural property — necessary condition, not sufficient (OWA prevents ≡) [Process participation signature]∀x ∀f ((Valve(x) ∧ FlowControlFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) → ∃m (FluidPortion(m) ∧ participatesIn(m,f)) ∧ ∃e (FluidPortion(e) ∧ participatesIn(e,f)) ∧ processType(f,FlowRegulation)) — Step 5: typed participants in the realising process
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: Valve <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0-104-g4d16eff" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-07-13"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :FlowControlFunction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :FlowControlProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :FlowControlProcess ] ; rdfs:label "flow control function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de controle de fluxo"@pt-br . ### Process type :FlowControlProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ; rdfs:label "flow control process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de controle de fluxo"@pt-br . :FlowControlProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] . ### Equipment universal: Valve :Valve rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:MaterialArtifact ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :FlowControlFunction ] ; rdfs:label "valve"@en ; rdfs:label "válvula"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A valve is an assembly that bears a flow control function to permit, obstruct, regulate, or divert fluid streams."@en ; skos:definition "A valve is an assembly that bears a flow control function to permit, obstruct, regulate, or divert fluid streams."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Uma válvula é um conjunto que possui uma função de controle de fluxo para permitir, obstruir, regular ou desviar correntes de fluido."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every valve is a material artifact that has the function to control fluid flow by permitting, obstructing, regulating, or diverting fluid streams."@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x(Valve(x) ↔ MaterialArtifact(x) ∧ ∃f(FlowControlFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))"@en ; iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ; iof-av:primitiveRationale "Might be too restrictive to define as sufficient being a material artifact and having a flow control function."@en ; # Disjointness: Valve and Pump [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :Valve :Pump ) . # Disjointness: Valve and Compressor [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :Valve :Compressor ) . # Disjointness: Valve and Turbine [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :Valve :Turbine ) .
Axiomatization Decision LogRegistro de Decisões
1 Identity-Giving FunctionFunção Identitária
Function class
FlowControlFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
FlowControlProcess ⊑ PlannedProcess
The identity-giving function is the ability to control fluid flow - to permit, obstruct, regulate or divert a fluid stream. This function is what makes a valve a valve regardless of its physical mechanism. Reusing the existing FlowControlFunction from already-enriched classes.
2 Genus DeterminationDeterminação do Gênero
MaterialArtifactbfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
While 'FLUID REGULATOR' appears in ISO 15926, this is too domain-specific and not yet enriched. Valve is a foundational equipment category in industrial ontologies. Each valve instance is a single causally unified object with a designed function, making it a MaterialArtifact. The parent candidates show MaterialArtifact as appropriate, and it is already enriched.
3 Differentia SpecificaDiferença Específica
∃bearerOf.FlowControlFunction

An artifact that bears a flow control function to permit, obstruct, regulate, or divert fluid streams.

The flow control function is the minimal differentiating condition. MaterialArtifact already provides the designed function constraint, so we specify the particular type of function that makes something a valve.
4 Necessary PartsPartes Necessárias

No necessary parts recorded.

These three parts are universal to all valve types - the body provides containment, the flow control element performs the actual flow manipulation, and seats provide sealing capability.
Process Participation SignatureAssinatura de Participação em Processo
InputsEntradas
{'constraints': 'any phase (gas, liquid, multiphase)', 'count': 1, 'type': 'FluidPortion'}
OutputsSaídas
{'constraints': 'same fluid with modified flow characteristics', 'count': 1, 'type': 'FluidPortion'}
TransformationTransformação
flow control without energy addition - permits, obstructs, regulates, or diverts fluid
Valves are single-input, single-output devices that modify flow characteristics without adding energy to the fluid. The fluid composition remains unchanged, only flow parameters are controlled.
Disjoint WithDisjunto com
Pump Compressor Turbine
C2: Pump, Compressor, Turbine. These equipment types have incompatible process signatures - pumps and compressors add energy to fluids, turbines extract energy from fluids, while valves control flow without energy transfer.
MetadataMetadados
COPI IDCOPI IDCOPI_0000077
IRIIRIhttps://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000077
StatusStatusexported
Axiom modeModonecessary
CreatedCriado2026-04-08
UpdatedAtualizado2026-06-26
LLM modelModelo LLMclaude-sonnet-4-20250514
VersionVersão2026-07-13
ISA 5.1-2022 — wikimedia/valve.svg
Quick factsDados rápidos
GenusGêneroMaterialArtifact
Root classClasse raizMaterialArtifact
Axiom modeModonecessary
FunctionFunçãoFlowControlFunction
ProcessProcessoFlowControlProcess
PartsPartes0
Source DefinitionsDefinições nas Fontes 4 sources
ISO 15926-4 VALVE
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
CFIHOS valve
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
ONEPETRO_GLOSSARY Valve
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
POSC Caesar Valve
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.