← Class ReferenceReferência de Classes
Heat exchanger image/svg+xml Heat exchanger 30-07-2012 Jozef Sivek Recuperator recuperator heat exchanger Principle Profile Countercurrent Heatexchanger Efficiency 50 – 70 % 70 – 80 % 85 – 99 % Verticalflat panel Horizontalflat panel Cellular
exported equivalent COPI_0000092
Heat Exchanger
IRI: https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000092
Generated onGerado em 2026-04-13
Natural Language DefinitionDefinição em Linguagem Natural
EN
A heat exchanger is a pressure vessel that bears the designed function of transferring thermal energy between two or more fluid streams while maintaining their separation.
PT-BR
Um trocador de calor é um vaso de pressão que possui a função projetada de transferir energia térmica entre duas ou mais correntes de fluido mantendo sua separação.
Formal AxiomsAxiomas Formais
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)Semi-formal (Aristotélico)
Every heat exchanger is an assembly that has the function of heat transfer and has component parts including heat transfer surfaces and fluid passages for separated streams.
First-Order Logic TheoryTeoria em Lógica de Primeira Ordem
[Definition]∀x (HeatExchanger(x) ↔ PressureVessel(x) ∧ ∃f (HeatTransferFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))) — Steps 1–3: genus + identity-giving function [Function axiom: HeatTransferFunction]∀f (HeatTransferFunction(f) → ∀p (realizedIn(f,p) → HeatTransferProcess(p)) ∧ ∃p (HeatTransferProcess(p) ∧ realizedIn(f,p))) — Step 1: ∀ preserves type-type identity; ∃ rules out vacuous functions never realised [Process participation signature]∀x ∀f ((HeatExchanger(x) ∧ HeatTransferFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) → ∃m (FluidPortion(m) ∧ participatesIn(m,f)) ∧ ∃e (FluidPortion(e) ∧ participatesIn(e,f)) ∧ processType(f,ThermalEnergyTransfer)) — Step 5: typed participants in the realising process
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: HeatExchanger <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0-104-g4d16eff" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-07-13"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :HeatTransferFunction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :HeatTransferProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :HeatTransferProcess ] ; rdfs:label "heat transfer function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de transferência de calor"@pt-br . ### Process type :HeatTransferProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ; rdfs:label "heat transfer process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de transferência de calor"@pt-br . :HeatTransferProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] . ### Equipment universal: HeatExchanger :HeatExchanger rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( :PressureVessel [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :HeatTransferFunction ] ) ] ; rdfs:label "heat exchanger"@en ; rdfs:label "trocador de calor"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A heat exchanger is a pressure vessel that bears the designed function of transferring thermal energy between two or more fluid streams while maintaining their separation."@en ; skos:definition "A heat exchanger is a pressure vessel that bears the designed function of transferring thermal energy between two or more fluid streams while maintaining their separation."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um trocador de calor é um vaso de pressão que possui a função projetada de transferir energia térmica entre duas ou mais correntes de fluido mantendo sua separação."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every heat exchanger is an assembly that has the function of heat transfer and has component parts including heat transfer surfaces and fluid passages for separated streams."@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (HeatExchanger(x) ↔ (Assembly(x) ∧ ∃f(HeatTransferFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))))"@en ; # Disjointness: HeatExchanger and Mixer [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :HeatExchanger :Mixer ) .
Axiomatization Decision LogRegistro de Decisões
1 Identity-Giving FunctionFunção Identitária
Function class
HeatTransferFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
HeatTransferProcess ⊑ PlannedProcess
The identity-giving function is thermal energy transfer between two fluid streams or media. This is what makes a heat exchanger a heat exchanger regardless of its physical configuration. ISO 15926 explicitly states 'has the capability of HEAT EXCHANGING' and CFIHOS states 'intended to transfer heat from one object to another'.
2 Genus DeterminationDeterminação do Gênero
pressure vesselbfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
All heat exchangers in oil & gas plants are pressure-containing vessels designed to transfer heat between two fluid streams through a separating wall; they are therefore classified as PressureVessel (the most specific enriched superclass). The PressureVessel genus is already axiomatized in this ontology (id 60) and provides the necessary structural differentia (pressure boundary, fluid containment). The identity-giving function (heat transfer) provides the functional differentia that distinguishes HeatExchanger from other pressure vessels.
3 Differentia SpecificaDiferença Específica
∃bearerOf.HeatTransferFunction

Bears the designed function of transferring thermal energy between two or more fluid streams or media without mixing them.

The HeatTransferFunction is the minimal differentiating condition that distinguishes heat exchangers from all other assemblies. This function is neither provided by the Assembly genus nor shared with sibling equipment types that perform other operations on fluids.
4 Necessary PartsPartes Necessárias

No necessary parts recorded.

These parts represent the minimal universal components - heat transfer surface and fluid passages are present in all heat exchanger configurations from simple double-pipe to complex shell-and-tube designs.
Process Participation SignatureAssinatura de Participação em Processo
InputsEntradas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 2, 'constraints': 'different temperatures, separated streams'}
OutputsSaídas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 2, 'constraints': 'temperatures adjusted toward equilibrium, streams remain separated'}
TransformationTransformação
thermal energy transfer from hot fluid to cold fluid without mixing
Heat exchangers fundamentally require two fluid inputs at different temperatures and produce two outputs with adjusted temperatures. The key constraint is that fluids remain separated while heat is transferred.
Disjoint WithDisjunto com
Mixer
C4: Mixer. Mixers are designed to combine fluids rather than keep them separated during heat transfer. Reactors are designed for chemical transformation rather than purely thermal energy transfer.
MetadataMetadados
COPI IDCOPI IDCOPI_0000092
IRIIRIhttps://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000092
StatusStatusexported
Axiom modeModoequivalent
CreatedCriado2026-04-13
UpdatedAtualizado2026-06-25
LLM modelModelo LLMclaude-sonnet-4-20250514
VersionVersão2026-07-13
Heat exchanger image/svg+xml Heat exchanger 30-07-2012 Jozef Sivek Recuperator recuperator heat exchanger Principle Profile Countercurrent Heatexchanger Efficiency 50 – 70 % 70 – 80 % 85 – 99 % Verticalflat panel Horizontalflat panel Cellular
ISA 5.1-2022 — wikimedia/heat_exchanger.svg
Quick factsDados rápidos
GenusGêneropressure vessel
Root classClasse raizAssembly
Axiom modeModoequivalent
FunctionFunçãoHeatTransferFunction
ProcessProcessoHeatTransferProcess
PartsPartes0
Source DefinitionsDefinições nas Fontes 2 sources
ISO 15926-4 HEAT EXCHANGER
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
CFIHOS heat exchanger
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.