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exported necessary COPI_0000138
Piston Check Valve
IRI: https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000138
Generated onGerado em 2026-04-16
Natural Language DefinitionDefinição em Linguagem Natural
EN
A piston check valve is a check valve that has a piston-type closure member that moves linearly along the flow axis under gravity or spring loading to prevent backflow.
PT-BR
Uma válvula de retenção tipo pistão é uma válvula de retenção que possui um elemento de fechamento tipo pistão que se move linearmente ao longo do eixo de fluxo sob ação da gravidade ou mola para prevenir refluxo.
Formal AxiomsAxiomas Formais
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)Semi-formal (Aristotélico)
Every piston check valve is a check valve that has a piston closure as component part.
First-Order Logic TheoryTeoria em Lógica de Primeira Ordem
[Necessary condition]∀x (PistonCheckValve(x) → CheckValve(x) ∧ ∃f (BackflowPreventionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))) — Steps 1–3: genus + identity-giving function [Function axiom: BackflowPreventionFunction]∀f (BackflowPreventionFunction(f) → ∀p (realizedIn(f,p) → BackflowPreventionProcess(p)) ∧ ∃p (BackflowPreventionProcess(p) ∧ realizedIn(f,p))) — Step 1: ∀ preserves type-type identity; ∃ rules out vacuous functions never realised [Structural differentia (necessary only)]∀x (PistonCheckValve(x) → ∃hasComponentPartAtAllTimes.PistonClosure) — Step 3: structural property — necessary condition, not sufficient (OWA prevents ≡) [Process participation signature]∀x ∀f ((PistonCheckValve(x) ∧ BackflowPreventionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) → ∃m (FluidPortion(m) ∧ participatesIn(m,f)) ∧ ∃e (FluidPortion(e) ∧ participatesIn(e,f)) ∧ processType(f,FlowDirectionControl)) — Step 5: typed participants in the realising process
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: PistonCheckValve <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0-104-g4d16eff" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-07-13"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :BackflowPreventionFunction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :BackflowPreventionProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :BackflowPreventionProcess ] ; rdfs:label "backflow prevention function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de prevenção de refluxo"@pt-br . ### Process type :BackflowPreventionProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ; rdfs:label "backflow prevention process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de prevenção de refluxo"@pt-br . :BackflowPreventionProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] . ### Equipment universal: PistonCheckValve :PistonCheckValve rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :CheckValve ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :BackflowPreventionFunction ] ; rdfs:label "piston check valve"@en ; rdfs:label "válvula de retenção tipo pistão"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A piston check valve is a check valve that has a piston-type closure member that moves linearly along the flow axis under gravity or spring loading to prevent backflow."@en ; skos:definition "A piston check valve is a check valve that has a piston-type closure member that moves linearly along the flow axis under gravity or spring loading to prevent backflow."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Uma válvula de retenção tipo pistão é uma válvula de retenção que possui um elemento de fechamento tipo pistão que se move linearmente ao longo do eixo de fluxo sob ação da gravidade ou mola para prevenir refluxo."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every piston check valve is a check valve that has a piston closure as component part."@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x(PistonCheckValve(x) → CheckValve(x) ∧ ∃y(PistonClosure(y) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,y)))"@en ; iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ; iof-av:primitiveRationale "Using necessary conditions because this is a constructive type defined by physical mechanism. Under Open World Assumption, any artifact with a piston closure could potentially be classified as piston check valve, but specialized hybrid valves or custom manifolds containing piston mechanisms should not be automatically asserted into this standard maintenance category without domain expert validation."@en ; # Disjointness: PistonCheckValve and SwingCheckValve [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :PistonCheckValve :SwingCheckValve ) .
Axiomatization Decision LogRegistro de Decisões
1 Identity-Giving FunctionFunção Identitária
Function class
BackflowPreventionFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
BackflowPreventionProcess ⊑ PlannedProcess
Like all check valves, piston check valves are designed to prevent backflow. This function is already established in the enriched check valve class and should be reused rather than creating a new function type.
2 Genus DeterminationDeterminação do Gênero
check valvebfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
All three source definitions explicitly state this is a type of check valve. The parent_candidates include 'check valve' which is already enriched in our ontology with BackflowPreventionFunction. This is more specific than the also-mentioned 'LIFT CHECK VALVE' and provides the correct functional inheritance.
3 Differentia SpecificaDiferença Específica
∃hasComponentPartAtAllTimes.PistonClosure

Has a piston-type closure member that moves linearly along the flow axis under gravity or spring loading.

The defining characteristic across all sources is the 'piston type closure member' that operates under gravity or spring loading. This structural differentia distinguishes it from other check valve mechanisms while inheriting the backflow prevention function from the genus.
4 Necessary PartsPartes Necessárias

No necessary parts recorded.

The piston closure member and its guide system are necessary structural components for this valve type. Other valve parts (body, seat, bonnet) are inherited from the genus.
Process Participation SignatureAssinatura de Participação em Processo
InputsEntradas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'any phase'}
OutputsSaídas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'same as input when forward flow, zero when backflow attempted'}
TransformationTransformação
conditional flow passage based on pressure differential direction
Identical to check valve signature - allows forward flow, prevents backflow based on pressure differential across the valve
Disjoint WithDisjunto com
SwingCheckValve
C1: swing check valve. Disjoint with swing check valve due to incompatible closure mechanisms - cannot simultaneously have both hinged disc and linear piston closure members
MetadataMetadados
COPI IDCOPI IDCOPI_0000138
IRIIRIhttps://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000138
StatusStatusexported
Axiom modeModonecessary
CreatedCriado2026-04-16
UpdatedAtualizado2026-06-25
LLM modelModelo LLMclaude-sonnet-4-20250514
VersionVersão2026-07-13
ISA 5.1-2022 — wikimedia/check_valve.svg
Quick factsDados rápidos
GenusGênerocheck valve
Root classClasse raizMaterialArtifact
Axiom modeModonecessary
FunctionFunçãoBackflowPreventionFunction
ProcessProcessoBackflowPreventionProcess
PartsPartes0
Source DefinitionsDefinições nas Fontes 3 sources
ISO 15926-4 PISTON CHECK VALVE
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
CFIHOS piston check valve
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
POSC Caesar Piston Check Valve
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.