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exported necessary COPI_0000140
Plug Valve
IRI: https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000140
Generated onGerado em 2026-04-13
Natural Language DefinitionDefinição em Linguagem Natural
EN
A plug valve is a valve that has a cylindrical or tapered plug closure member which operates by quarter-turn rotation on its axis to control fluid flow by sealing against a seat.
PT-BR
Uma válvula plug é uma válvula que possui um elemento de fechamento em forma de plugue cilíndrico ou cônico que opera por rotação de um quarto de volta em seu eixo para controlar o fluxo de fluido selando contra um assento.
Formal AxiomsAxiomas Formais
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)Semi-formal (Aristotélico)
Every plug valve is a valve that has a plug closure component and participates in quarter-turn rotation processes
First-Order Logic TheoryTeoria em Lógica de Primeira Ordem
[Necessary condition]∀x (PlugValve(x) → Valve(x) ∧ ∃f (FlowControlFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))) — Steps 1–3: genus + identity-giving function [Function axiom: FlowControlFunction]∀f (FlowControlFunction(f) → ∀p (realizedIn(f,p) → FlowControlProcess(p)) ∧ ∃p (FlowControlProcess(p) ∧ realizedIn(f,p))) — Step 1: ∀ preserves type-type identity; ∃ rules out vacuous functions never realised [Structural differentia (necessary only)]∀x (PlugValve(x) → ∃hasComponentPartAtAllTimes.PlugClosure ⊓ ∃participatesIn.QuarterTurnRotationProcess) — Step 3: structural property — necessary condition, not sufficient (OWA prevents ≡) [Necessary part: ValveSeat]∀x (PlugValve(x) → ∃p (ValveSeat(p) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,p))) — Step 4: mereological commitment — every instance must have this part [Process participation signature]∀x ∀f ((PlugValve(x) ∧ FlowControlFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) → ∃m (FluidPortion(m) ∧ participatesIn(m,f)) ∧ ∃e (FluidPortion(e) ∧ participatesIn(e,f)) ∧ processType(f,FlowRegulation)) — Step 5: typed participants in the realising process
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: PlugValve <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0-104-g4d16eff" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-07-13"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :FlowControlFunction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :FlowControlProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :FlowControlProcess ] ; rdfs:label "flow control function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de controle de fluxo"@pt-br . ### Process type :FlowControlProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ; rdfs:label "flow control process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de controle de fluxo"@pt-br . :FlowControlProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] . ### Equipment universal: PlugValve :PlugValve rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Valve ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :FlowControlFunction ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasComponentPartAtAllTimes ; owl:someValuesFrom :ValveSeat ] ; rdfs:label "plug valve"@en ; rdfs:label "válvula plug"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A plug valve is a valve that has a cylindrical or tapered plug closure member which operates by quarter-turn rotation on its axis to control fluid flow by sealing against a seat."@en ; skos:definition "A plug valve is a valve that has a cylindrical or tapered plug closure member which operates by quarter-turn rotation on its axis to control fluid flow by sealing against a seat."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Uma válvula plug é uma válvula que possui um elemento de fechamento em forma de plugue cilíndrico ou cônico que opera por rotação de um quarto de volta em seu eixo para controlar o fluxo de fluido selando contra um assento."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every plug valve is a valve that has a plug closure component and participates in quarter-turn rotation processes"@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x(PlugValve(x) → Valve(x) ∧ ∃p(PlugClosure(p) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,p)) ∧ ∃r(QuarterTurnRotationProcess(r) ∧ participatesIn(x,r)))"@en ; iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ; iof-av:primitiveRationale "Constructive classification requires necessary conditions only. Under OWA, any artifact with a plug closure and quarter-turn mechanism would be forcibly classified as a plug valve, but specialized multi-port valves or custom manifolds containing plug mechanisms should not automatically inherit the standard plug valve classification without domain expert validation."@en ; :ValveSeat rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:MaterialArtifact ; rdfs:label "assento de válvula"@pt-br ; rdfs:label "valve seat"@en . # Disjointness: PlugValve and BallValve [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :PlugValve :BallValve ) . # Disjointness: PlugValve and GateValve [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :PlugValve :GateValve ) . # Disjointness: PlugValve and ButterflyValve [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :PlugValve :ButterflyValve ) .
Axiomatization Decision LogRegistro de Decisões
1 Identity-Giving FunctionFunção Identitária
Function class
FlowControlFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
FlowControlProcess ⊑ PlannedProcess
Plug valves share the same identity-giving function as other valves - controlling fluid flow. This function is already established in our ontology for the Valve class. The plug valve's identity comes from HOW it realizes this function (via rotating plug mechanism), not from a unique function type.
2 Genus DeterminationDeterminação do Gênero
Valvebfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
All sources clearly identify plug valve as a subtype of valve. 'Valve' is the most specific appropriate superclass and is already enriched in our ontology. The parent candidates include 'ROTARY VALVE' but this is a more specific structural category that should itself be a subtype of Valve. The BFO root is MaterialArtifact since valves are causally unified artifacts designed for fluid control.
3 Differentia SpecificaDiferença Específica
∃hasComponentPartAtAllTimes.PlugClosure ⊓ ∃participatesIn.QuarterTurnRotationProcess

Has a cylindrical or tapered plug closure member that operates by quarter-turn rotation on its axis to seal against a seat.

The differentia captures the two key structural characteristics consistently mentioned across sources: (1) the plug-shaped closure member and (2) the quarter-turn rotational operation. These are the minimal conditions that distinguish plug valves from other valve types under the same genus.
4 Necessary PartsPartes Necessárias
Part classParentRelation
ValveSeatMaterialArtifacthasComponentPartAtAllTimes
These parts represent the minimum physical components necessary for any plug valve to function according to its defining mechanism across all sources.
Process Participation SignatureAssinatura de Participação em Processo
InputsEntradas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'any fluid phase'}
OutputsSaídas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'same fluid, potentially blocked or throttled'}
TransformationTransformação
mechanical flow control - no change to fluid properties, only flow rate/direction
Plug valves have the standard valve signature: single fluid input/output with mechanical flow control transformation. The plug mechanism affects flow control but not the fundamental process signature.
Disjoint WithDisjunto com
BallValve GateValve ButterflyValve
C1: BallValve, GateValve, ButterflyValve. Grounded in incompatible closure mechanisms: plug closure vs. ball closure vs. sliding gate vs. rotating disc. These represent mutually exclusive structural designs.
MetadataMetadados
COPI IDCOPI IDCOPI_0000140
IRIIRIhttps://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000140
StatusStatusexported
Axiom modeModonecessary
CreatedCriado2026-04-13
UpdatedAtualizado2026-06-25
LLM modelModelo LLMclaude-sonnet-4-20250514
VersionVersão2026-07-13
ISA 5.1-2022 — wikimedia/valve.svg
Quick factsDados rápidos
GenusGêneroValve
Root classClasse raizMaterialArtifact
Axiom modeModonecessary
FunctionFunçãoFlowControlFunction
ProcessProcessoFlowControlProcess
PartsPartes1
Source DefinitionsDefinições nas Fontes 5 sources
ISO 15926-4 PLUG VALVE
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
CFIHOS plug valve
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
SLB Glossary plug valve
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
ONEPETRO_GLOSSARY Plug valve
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
POSC Caesar Plug Valve
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.