← Class ReferenceReferência de Classes
exported equivalent COPI_0000258
Dryer
IRI: https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000258
Generated onGerado em 2026-04-16
Natural Language DefinitionDefinição em Linguagem Natural
EN
A dryer is an assembly that bears a drying function to remove moisture from materials.
PT-BR
Um secador é um conjunto que possui uma função de secagem para remover umidade de materiais.
Formal AxiomsAxiomas Formais
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)Semi-formal (Aristotélico)
Every dryer is an assembly that has the function of drying materials by removing moisture.
First-Order Logic TheoryTeoria em Lógica de Primeira Ordem
[Definition]∀x (Dryer(x) ↔ Assembly(x) ∧ ∃f (DryingFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))) — Steps 1–3: genus + identity-giving function [Function axiom: DryingFunction]∀f (DryingFunction(f) → ∀p (realizedIn(f,p) → DryingProcess(p)) ∧ ∃p (DryingProcess(p) ∧ realizedIn(f,p))) — Step 1: ∀ preserves type-type identity; ∃ rules out vacuous functions never realised [Process participation signature]∀x ∀f ((Dryer(x) ∧ DryingFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) → ∃m (WetMaterial(m) ∧ participatesIn(m,f)) ∧ ∃e1 (DriedMaterial(e1) ∧ participatesIn(e1,f)) ∧ ∃e2 (WaterVapor(e2) ∧ participatesIn(e2,f)) ∧ processType(f,PhaseSeparation)) — Step 5: typed participants in the realising process
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: Dryer <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0-104-g4d16eff" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-07-13"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :DryingFunction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :DryingProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :DryingProcess ] ; rdfs:label "drying function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de secagem"@pt-br . ### Process type :DryingProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ; rdfs:label "drying process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de secagem"@pt-br . :DryingProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :WetMaterial ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :DriedMaterial ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :WaterVapor ] . ### Equipment universal: Dryer :Dryer rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( iof-core:Assembly [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :DryingFunction ] ) ] ; rdfs:label "dryer"@en ; rdfs:label "secador"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A dryer is an assembly that bears a drying function to remove moisture from materials."@en ; skos:definition "A dryer is an assembly that bears a drying function to remove moisture from materials."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um secador é um conjunto que possui uma função de secagem para remover umidade de materiais."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every dryer is an assembly that has the function of drying materials by removing moisture."@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (Dryer(x) ↔ Assembly(x) ∧ ∃f(DryingFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))"@en ; # Disjointness: Dryer and Filter [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :Dryer :Filter ) . # Disjointness: Dryer and Centrifuge [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :Dryer :Centrifuge ) .
Axiomatization Decision LogRegistro de Decisões
1 Identity-Giving FunctionFunção Identitária
Function class
DryingFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
DryingProcess ⊑ PlannedProcess
Drying is the identity-giving function that distinguishes dryers from other equipment. The function involves removing moisture/water from materials through various mechanisms (heat, gas contact, pressure reduction, etc.).
2 Genus DeterminationDeterminação do Gênero
Assemblybfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
No more specific equipment superclass is evident from the parent candidates. ProcessEquipment and FunctionalObject are too abstract. Dryers are typically complex equipment with multiple interacting parts (heating elements, blowers, control systems) that form a causally unified whole, making Assembly the appropriate genus.
3 Differentia SpecificaDiferença Específica
∃bearerOf.DryingFunction

Equipment specifically designed to remove moisture or water from materials.

The drying function is the minimal and necessary differentia that distinguishes dryers from other assemblies. This function encompasses various drying mechanisms (convection, conduction, radiation, pressure reduction) as seen in the subtypes.
4 Necessary PartsPartes Necessárias

No necessary parts recorded.

These are the minimal essential parts - a space for drying and a way to handle materials. Specific heat sources, gas handling systems, or control mechanisms vary by subtype.
Process Participation SignatureAssinatura de Participação em Processo
InputsEntradas
{'type': 'WetMaterial', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'contains moisture to be removed'}
OutputsSaídas
{'type': 'DriedMaterial', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'reduced moisture content'}, {'type': 'WaterVapor', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'extracted moisture'}
TransformationTransformação
moisture removal from solid or liquid materials
Dryers take wet materials and produce the same materials with reduced moisture content plus the extracted water/vapor. The transformation is specifically about moisture separation.
Disjoint WithDisjunto com
Filter Centrifuge
C4: Filter. C?: Centrifuge [kind_ambiguous]. Filters separate solid particles from fluids, centrifuges separate by density difference - both have incompatible process signatures with moisture removal drying
MetadataMetadados
COPI IDCOPI IDCOPI_0000258
IRIIRIhttps://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000258
StatusStatusexported
Axiom modeModoequivalent
CreatedCriado2026-04-16
UpdatedAtualizado2026-06-28
LLM modelModelo LLMclaude-sonnet-4-20250514
VersionVersão2026-07-13
Quick factsDados rápidos
GenusGêneroAssembly
Root classClasse raizAssembly
Axiom modeModoequivalent
FunctionFunçãoDryingFunction
ProcessProcessoDryingProcess
PartsPartes0
Source DefinitionsDefinições nas Fontes 2 sources
ISO 15926-4 DRYER
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
DEXPI Dryer
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.