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exported necessary COPI_0000273
Flange
IRI: https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000273
Generated onGerado em 2026-04-13
Natural Language DefinitionDefinição em Linguagem Natural
EN
A flange is a material artifact characterized by a projecting flat rim, plate, collar, or rib geometry, designed to provide mechanical connection between components.
PT-BR
Um flange é um artefato material caracterizado por uma geometria de aro plano projetante, placa, colar ou nervura, projetado para fornecer conexão mecânica entre componentes.
Formal AxiomsAxiomas Formais
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)Semi-formal (Aristotélico)
Every flange is a material artifact that has a projecting flat rim geometry and has the function of mechanically connecting components.
First-Order Logic TheoryTeoria em Lógica de Primeira Ordem
[Necessary condition]∀x (Flange(x) → MaterialArtifact(x) ∧ ∃f (ConnectionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))) — Steps 1–3: genus + identity-giving function [Function axiom: ConnectionFunction]∀f (ConnectionFunction(f) → ∀p (realizedIn(f,p) → ConnectionProcess(p)) ∧ ∃p (ConnectionProcess(p) ∧ realizedIn(f,p))) — Step 1: ∀ preserves type-type identity; ∃ rules out vacuous functions never realised [Structural differentia (necessary only)]∀x (Flange(x) → ∃hasCharacteristic.ProjectingFlatRimGeometry ⊓ ∃bearerOf.ConnectionFunction) — Step 3: structural property — necessary condition, not sufficient (OWA prevents ≡) [Process participation signature]∀x ∀f ((Flange(x) ∧ ConnectionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) → ∃m (MaterialArtifact(m) ∧ participatesIn(m,f)) ∧ ∃e (MaterialArtifact(e) ∧ participatesIn(e,f)) ∧ processType(f,MechanicalAssembly)) — Step 5: typed participants in the realising process
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: Flange <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0-104-g4d16eff" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-07-13"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :ConnectionFunction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :ConnectionProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :ConnectionProcess ] ; rdfs:label "connection function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de conexão"@pt-br . ### Process type :ConnectionProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ; rdfs:label "connection process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de conexão"@pt-br . :ConnectionProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :MaterialArtifact ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :MaterialArtifact ] . ### Equipment universal: Flange :Flange rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:MaterialArtifact ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :ConnectionFunction ] ; rdfs:label "flange"@en ; rdfs:label "flange"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A flange is a material artifact characterized by a projecting flat rim, plate, collar, or rib geometry, designed to provide mechanical connection between components."@en ; skos:definition "A flange is a material artifact characterized by a projecting flat rim, plate, collar, or rib geometry, designed to provide mechanical connection between components."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um flange é um artefato material caracterizado por uma geometria de aro plano projetante, placa, colar ou nervura, projetado para fornecer conexão mecânica entre componentes."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every flange is a material artifact that has a projecting flat rim geometry and has the function of mechanically connecting components."@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x(Flange(x) → MaterialArtifact(x) ∧ ∃g(ProjectingFlatRimGeometry(g) ∧ hasCharacteristic(x,g)) ∧ ∃f(MechanicalConnectionFunction(f) ∧ hasFunction(x,f)))"@en ; iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ; iof-av:primitiveRationale "Using necessary conditions because this is a constructive type defined by structural geometry. Under OWA, any artifact with projecting flat rim geometry would be forced into the flange category, which could incorrectly classify specialized equipment or complex assemblies that contain flange-like features but serve different primary functions."@en ; # Disjointness: Flange and Pipe [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :Flange :Pipe ) . # Disjointness: Flange and Valve [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :Flange :Valve ) . # Disjointness: Flange and Pump [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :Flange :Pump ) .
Axiomatization Decision LogRegistro de Decisões
1 Identity-Giving FunctionFunção Identitária
Function class
ConnectionFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
ConnectionProcess ⊑ PlannedProcess
Flanges are designed to connect components together, providing a means of assembling and disassembling piping and equipment. This is the generic function that all flanges share, regardless of their specific structural configuration.
2 Genus DeterminationDeterminação do Gênero
MaterialArtifactbfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
No appropriate domain-specific superclass exists in the parent_candidates. While 'PipeFitting' from DEXPI could be considered, flange is more fundamental and appears in contexts beyond just pipe fittings (vessel flanges, equipment flanges). Flanges are essentially monolithic artifacts without removable subcomponents, making MaterialArtifact the appropriate BFO root rather than Assembly.
3 Differentia SpecificaDiferença Específica
∃hasCharacteristic.ProjectingFlatRimGeometry ⊓ ∃bearerOf.ConnectionFunction

A flange is distinguished by its projecting flat rim, plate, collar, or rib geometry designed for mechanical connection to other objects.

The projecting flat rim geometry is the defining structural characteristic mentioned across all definitions. The mechanical connection function specializes the generic connection function to emphasize the structural, bolted connection capability that flanges provide.
4 Necessary PartsPartes Necessárias

No necessary parts recorded.

These parts capture the essential structural elements that enable a flange to function - the body provides the geometry and the bolt holes enable the mechanical connection capability.
Process Participation SignatureAssinatura de Participação em Processo
InputsEntradas
{'type': 'MaterialArtifact', 'count': 2, 'constraints': 'components to be connected'}
OutputsSaídas
{'type': 'MaterialArtifact', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'mechanically connected assembly'}
TransformationTransformação
mechanical joining of components through bolted connection
Flanges take two separate components and create a mechanically joined assembly through their bolted connection mechanism. The transformation is purely mechanical - no change in material properties or phase.
Disjoint WithDisjunto com
Pipe Valve Pump
C1: Pipe. C?: Valve [kind_ambiguous]. C?: Pump [kind_ambiguous]. Pipes are conduits without projecting connection geometry; valves and pumps have incompatible process signatures focused on flow control and fluid movement respectively, rather than structural connection.
MetadataMetadados
COPI IDCOPI IDCOPI_0000273
IRIIRIhttps://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000273
StatusStatusexported
Axiom modeModonecessary
CreatedCriado2026-04-13
UpdatedAtualizado2026-06-26
LLM modelModelo LLMclaude-sonnet-4-20250514
VersionVersão2026-07-13
Quick factsDados rápidos
GenusGêneroMaterialArtifact
Root classClasse raizMaterialArtifact
Axiom modeModonecessary
FunctionFunçãoConnectionFunction
ProcessProcessoConnectionProcess
PartsPartes0
Source DefinitionsDefinições nas Fontes 4 sources
ISO 15926-4 FLANGE
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
CFIHOS flange
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
SLB Glossary flange
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
ONEPETRO_GLOSSARY Flange
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.