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exported necessary COPI_0000322
Pipe Bend
IRI: https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000322
Generated onGerado em 2026-04-16
Natural Language DefinitionDefinição em Linguagem Natural
EN
A pipe bend is a pipe that has a curved geometry to change piping direction with a non-standard radius.
PT-BR
Uma curva de tubo é um tubo que possui geometria curvada para mudar a direção da tubulação com um raio não padrão.
Formal AxiomsAxiomas Formais
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)Semi-formal (Aristotélico)
Every pipe bend is a pipe that has curved geometry and has non-standard bend radius.
First-Order Logic TheoryTeoria em Lógica de Primeira Ordem
[Necessary condition]∀x (PipeBend(x) → Pipe(x) ∧ ∃f (FluidConductionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))) — Steps 1–3: genus + identity-giving function [Function axiom: FluidConductionFunction]∀f (FluidConductionFunction(f) → ∀p (realizedIn(f,p) → FluidConductionProcess(p)) ∧ ∃p (FluidConductionProcess(p) ∧ realizedIn(f,p))) — Step 1: ∀ preserves type-type identity; ∃ rules out vacuous functions never realised [Structural differentia (necessary only)]∀x (PipeBend(x) → ∃hasQuality.CurvedGeometry ⊓ ∃hasQuality.NonStandardBendRadius) — Step 3: structural property — necessary condition, not sufficient (OWA prevents ≡) [Process participation signature]∀x ∀f ((PipeBend(x) ∧ FluidConductionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) → ∃m (FluidPortion(m) ∧ participatesIn(m,f)) ∧ ∃e (FluidPortion(e) ∧ participatesIn(e,f)) ∧ processType(f,FlowDirectionControl)) — Step 5: typed participants in the realising process
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: PipeBend <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0-104-g4d16eff" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-07-13"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :FluidConductionFunction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :FluidConductionProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :FluidConductionProcess ] ; rdfs:label "fluid conduction function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de condução de fluido"@pt-br . ### Process type :FluidConductionProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ; rdfs:label "fluid conduction process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de condução de fluido"@pt-br . :FluidConductionProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] . ### Equipment universal: PipeBend :PipeBend rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Pipe ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :FluidConductionFunction ] ; rdfs:label "pipe bend"@en ; rdfs:label "curva de tubo"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A pipe bend is a pipe that has a curved geometry to change piping direction with a non-standard radius."@en ; skos:definition "A pipe bend is a pipe that has a curved geometry to change piping direction with a non-standard radius."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Uma curva de tubo é um tubo que possui geometria curvada para mudar a direção da tubulação com um raio não padrão."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every pipe bend is a pipe that has curved geometry and has non-standard bend radius."@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (PipeBend(x) → Pipe(x) ∧ ∃g (CurvedGeometry(g) ∧ hasQuality(x,g)) ∧ ∃r (NonStandardBendRadius(r) ∧ hasQuality(x,r)))"@en ; iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ; iof-av:primitiveRationale "Using necessary conditions for this constructive type. While the curved geometry with non-standard radius is distinctive, making it sufficient under OWA could force classification of complex piping assemblies or custom manifolds containing bent sections into this maintenance category inappropriately."@en ;
Axiomatization Decision LogRegistro de Decisões
1 Identity-Giving FunctionFunção Identitária
Function class
FluidConductionFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
FluidConductionProcess ⊑ PlannedProcess
Like any pipe component, pipe bends conduct fluid from one location to another. This is the generic function inherited from the pipe genus, not a distinguishing function specific to bends.
2 Genus DeterminationDeterminação do Gênero
pipebfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
All source definitions consistently indicate pipe bend is a specialized type of piping component. The enriched 'pipe' class (function: FluidConductionFunction, genus: MaterialArtifact) is the most specific appropriate superclass. Pipe bend is essentially a pipe with modified geometry, inheriting the basic fluid conduction function while adding directional change capability through its curved form.
3 Differentia SpecificaDiferença Específica
∃hasQuality.CurvedGeometry ⊓ ∃hasQuality.NonStandardBendRadius

Has a curved geometry that changes piping direction with a non-standard radius.

The key differentiating characteristic is the curved geometry with non-standard radius. All three source definitions emphasize 'non-standard radius' as the distinguishing feature, contrasting with standard pipe fittings like elbows which have standardized bend radii.
4 Necessary PartsPartes Necessárias

No necessary parts recorded.

Pipe bends inherit the basic pipe structure (pipe wall, bore) from the pipe genus. The specific additional part is the bent section that creates the curved geometry distinguishing it from straight pipes.
Process Participation SignatureAssinatura de Participação em Processo
InputsEntradas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'enters at inlet'}
OutputsSaídas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'exits at outlet with changed flow direction'}
TransformationTransformação
directional change without phase or composition change
Like any pipe, conducts fluid from inlet to outlet, but the curved geometry changes the flow direction. The fluid properties remain unchanged - only the flow direction is modified.
MetadataMetadados
COPI IDCOPI IDCOPI_0000322
IRIIRIhttps://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000322
StatusStatusexported
Axiom modeModonecessary
CreatedCriado2026-04-16
UpdatedAtualizado2026-06-26
LLM modelModelo LLMclaude-sonnet-4-20250514
VersionVersão2026-07-13
Quick factsDados rápidos
GenusGêneropipe
Root classClasse raizMaterialArtifact
Axiom modeModonecessary
FunctionFunçãoFluidConductionFunction
ProcessProcessoFluidConductionProcess
PartsPartes0
Source DefinitionsDefinições nas Fontes 3 sources
ISO 15926-4 PIPE BEND
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
CFIHOS pipe bend
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
POSC Caesar Pipe Bend
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.