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exported necessary COPI_0000324
Pipe Reducer
IRI: https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000324
Generated onGerado em 2026-04-16
Natural Language DefinitionDefinição em Linguagem Natural
EN
A pipe reducer is a pipe that has different nominal pipe sizes at its two ends, intended to connect pipes or piping components of different sizes.
PT-BR
Um redutor de tubulação é um tubo que possui tamanhos nominais diferentes de tubulação em suas duas extremidades, destinado a conectar tubos ou componentes de tubulação de tamanhos diferentes.
Formal AxiomsAxiomas Formais
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)Semi-formal (Aristotélico)
Every pipe reducer is a pipe that has an inlet end and outlet end with different nominal pipe sizes
First-Order Logic TheoryTeoria em Lógica de Primeira Ordem
[Necessary condition]∀x (PipeReducer(x) → Pipe(x) ∧ ∃f (FluidConductionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))) — Steps 1–3: genus + identity-giving function [Function axiom: FluidConductionFunction]∀f (FluidConductionFunction(f) → ∀p (realizedIn(f,p) → FluidConductionProcess(p)) ∧ ∃p (FluidConductionProcess(p) ∧ realizedIn(f,p))) — Step 1: ∀ preserves type-type identity; ∃ rules out vacuous functions never realised [Structural differentia (necessary only)]∀x (PipeReducer(x) → ∃hasPart.InletEnd ⊓ ∃hasPart.OutletEnd ⊓ ∃hasProperty.DifferentNominalPipeSizes) — Step 3: structural property — necessary condition, not sufficient (OWA prevents ≡) [Process participation signature]∀x ∀f ((PipeReducer(x) ∧ FluidConductionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) → ∃m (FluidPortion(m) ∧ participatesIn(m,f)) ∧ ∃e (FluidPortion(e) ∧ participatesIn(e,f)) ∧ processType(f,FlowRegulation)) — Step 5: typed participants in the realising process
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: PipeReducer <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0-104-g4d16eff" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-07-13"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :FluidConductionFunction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :FluidConductionProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :FluidConductionProcess ] ; rdfs:label "fluid conduction function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de condução de fluido"@pt-br . ### Process type :FluidConductionProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ; rdfs:label "fluid conduction process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de condução de fluido"@pt-br . :FluidConductionProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :FluidPortion ] . ### Equipment universal: PipeReducer :PipeReducer rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Pipe ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :FluidConductionFunction ] ; rdfs:label "pipe reducer"@en ; rdfs:label "redutor de tubulação"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A pipe reducer is a pipe that has different nominal pipe sizes at its two ends, intended to connect pipes or piping components of different sizes."@en ; skos:definition "A pipe reducer is a pipe that has different nominal pipe sizes at its two ends, intended to connect pipes or piping components of different sizes."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um redutor de tubulação é um tubo que possui tamanhos nominais diferentes de tubulação em suas duas extremidades, destinado a conectar tubos ou componentes de tubulação de tamanhos diferentes."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every pipe reducer is a pipe that has an inlet end and outlet end with different nominal pipe sizes"@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (PipeReducer(x) → Pipe(x) ∧ ∃i,o (InletEnd(i) ∧ OutletEnd(o) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,i) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,o) ∧ DifferentNominalPipeSizes(i,o)))"@en ; iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ; iof-av:primitiveRationale "As a constructive type defined by geometric configuration, sufficient conditions are omitted under the Open World Assumption to prevent false positives. Complex assemblies or custom manifolds containing size transitions should not be automatically classified as standard pipe reducers without explicit assertion."@en ;
Axiomatization Decision LogRegistro de Decisões
1 Identity-Giving FunctionFunção Identitária
Function class
FluidConductionFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
FluidConductionProcess ⊑ PlannedProcess
A pipe reducer conducts fluid while changing the cross-sectional area. It shares the same basic designed function as a pipe - to provide a conduit for fluid flow. The size transition is a geometric property, not a distinct functional differentia.
2 Genus DeterminationDeterminação do Gênero
pipebfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
A pipe reducer is fundamentally a specialized type of pipe with a geometric differentia (size transition). The parent candidates include PIPING COMPONENT and REDUCER, but 'pipe' is the most specific and appropriate genus since a reducer is essentially a pipe segment with varying diameter. The enriched pipe class already exists in our ontology with FluidConductionFunction.
3 Differentia SpecificaDiferença Específica
∃hasPart.InletEnd ⊓ ∃hasPart.OutletEnd ⊓ ∃hasProperty.DifferentNominalPipeSizes

Has inlet and outlet ends with different nominal pipe sizes to enable size transition between connected piping components.

The essential differentia is the geometric property of having different nominal pipe sizes at the two ends. This is what distinguishes a reducer from other pipe types. The inlet/outlet terminology captures the directional nature of the size transition.
4 Necessary PartsPartes Necessárias

No necessary parts recorded.

These are the essential structural components that enable the size transition function. The two differently-sized ends and the connecting body are necessary for any conceivable pipe reducer.
Process Participation SignatureAssinatura de Participação em Processo
InputsEntradas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'at larger or smaller pipe size'}
OutputsSaídas
{'type': 'FluidPortion', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'at correspondingly different pipe size, same fluid properties'}
TransformationTransformação
geometric transition - changes flow cross-sectional area but preserves fluid composition
The signature reflects the size transition while maintaining fluid continuity. The transformation is purely geometric - changing the flow area without altering fluid properties.
MetadataMetadados
COPI IDCOPI IDCOPI_0000324
IRIIRIhttps://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000324
StatusStatusexported
Axiom modeModonecessary
CreatedCriado2026-04-16
UpdatedAtualizado2026-06-28
LLM modelModelo LLMclaude-sonnet-4-20250514
VersionVersão2026-07-13
Quick factsDados rápidos
GenusGêneropipe
Root classClasse raizMaterialArtifact
Axiom modeModonecessary
FunctionFunçãoFluidConductionFunction
ProcessProcessoFluidConductionProcess
PartsPartes0
Source DefinitionsDefinições nas Fontes 3 sources
ISO 15926-4 PIPE REDUCER
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
CFIHOS pipe reducer
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
POSC Caesar Pipe Reducer
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.