exported necessary COPI_0000730
Piston
IRI: https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000730
Generated onGerado em 2026-08-08
Natural Language DefinitionDefinição em Linguagem Natural
EN
A material artifact, normally cylindrical and provided with a closed end, that reciprocates within a hollow outer cylinder to change its internal volume in order to discharge pressurized liquid or gas.
PT-BR
Um artefato material, normalmente cilíndrico e provido de uma extremidade fechada, que se move alternadamente dentro de um cilindro externo oco para alterar seu volume interno a fim de descarregar líquido ou gás pressurizado.
Formal AxiomsAxiomas Formais
First-Order Logic TheoryTeoria em Lógica de Primeira Ordem
[Necessary condition]∀x (Piston(x) → MaterialArtifact(x) ∧ ∃f (ReciprocatingDisplacementFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))) — Steps 1–3: genus + identity-giving function [Function axiom: ReciprocatingDisplacementFunction]∀f (ReciprocatingDisplacementFunction(f) → ∀p (realizedIn(f,p) → ReciprocatingDisplacementProcess(p)) ∧ ∃p (ReciprocatingDisplacementProcess(p) ∧ realizedIn(f,p))) — Step 1: ∀ preserves type-type identity; ∃ rules out vacuous functions never realised [Structural differentia (necessary only)]∀x (Piston(x) → ∃bearerOf.ReciprocatingDisplacementFunction ⊓ ∃componentPartOf.Cylinder) — Step 3: structural property — necessary condition, not sufficient (OWA prevents ≡) [Process participation signature]∀x ∀f ((Piston(x) ∧ ReciprocatingDisplacementFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) → ∃m (PortionOfFluid(m) ∧ participatesIn(m,f)) ∧ ∃e (PortionOfFluid(e) ∧ participatesIn(e,f)) ∧ processType(f,PressureIncrease)) — Step 5: typed participants in the realising process
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: Piston <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0-134-g6e3b4fb" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-09-04"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :ReciprocatingDisplacementFunction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :ReciprocatingDisplacementProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :ReciprocatingDisplacementProcess ] ; rdfs:label "reciprocating displacement function"@en . ### Process type :ReciprocatingDisplacementProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ; rdfs:label "reciprocating displacement process"@en . :ReciprocatingDisplacementProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :PortionOfFluid ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :PortionOfFluid ] . ### Equipment universal: Piston :Piston rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:MaterialArtifact ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :ReciprocatingDisplacementFunction ] ; rdfs:label "piston"@en ; rdfs:label "pistão"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A material artifact, normally cylindrical and provided with a closed end, that reciprocates within a hollow outer cylinder to change its internal volume in order to discharge pressurized liquid or gas."@en ; skos:definition "A material artifact, normally cylindrical and provided with a closed end, that reciprocates within a hollow outer cylinder to change its internal volume in order to discharge pressurized liquid or gas."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um artefato material, normalmente cilíndrico e provido de uma extremidade fechada, que se move alternadamente dentro de um cilindro externo oco para alterar seu volume interno a fim de descarregar líquido ou gás pressurizado."@pt-br ; iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ; iof-av:primitiveRationale "Shape constraints in the source definition are constructive; under OWA they cannot be sufficient conditions."@en ;
Axiomatization Decision LogRegistro de Decisões
1 Identity-Giving FunctionFunção Identitária
Function class
ReciprocatingDisplacementFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
ReciprocatingDisplacementProcess ⊑ PlannedProcess
ISO 15926 states the purpose explicitly: it reciprocates within a hollow outer cylinder 'to change the internal volume of the outer cylinder in order to either discharge pressurized liquid or gas'.
2 Genus DeterminationDeterminação do Gênero
MaterialArtifactbfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
ISO 15926 types PISTON as an ENGINE COMPONENT and a DISPLACER; neither is declared in COPI, so MaterialArtifact is the nearest available superclass.
3 Differentia SpecificaDiferença Específica
∃bearerOf.ReciprocatingDisplacementFunction ⊓ ∃componentPartOf.Cylinder

A material artifact of normally cylindrical shape with a closed end, reciprocating within a hollow outer cylinder so as to change its internal volume.

Constructive basis: the ISO definition constrains shape ('normally of the cylindrical shape', 'provided with a closed end') as well as function. Necessary-only.
4 Necessary PartsPartes Necessárias

No necessary parts recorded.

No sub-component is named in any source definition for this term. validate_necessary_parts_quotes() requires a verbatim source_quote for every part, and there is nothing to quote — so no parts are asserted (ODR-022 §10.2).
Process Participation SignatureAssinatura de Participação em Processo
InputsEntradas
{'type': 'PortionOfFluid', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'liquid or gas admitted into the cylinder volume'}
OutputsSaídas
{'type': 'PortionOfFluid', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'same fluid discharged at elevated pressure'}
TransformationTransformação
cyclic change of a cylinder's internal volume to displace and pressurize a fluid
MetadataMetadados
COPI IDCOPI IDCOPI_0000730
IRIIRIhttps://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000730
StatusStatusexported
Axiom modeModonecessary
CreatedCriado2026-08-08
UpdatedAtualizado2026-09-03
LLM modelModelo LLMclaude-opus-5
VersionVersão2026-09-04